Tam sim no, thaum muaj kev hloov pauv ib puag ncig thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm ntau yam teebmeem kev noj qab haus huv rau pej xeem, cov neeg siv khoom tau tsom mus rau kev nyiam huv hauv tsev thiab kev noj qab haus huv. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, kev ua haujlwm tau tshwm sim los ntawm kev txhim kho tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom siv tshuaj ntxuav tsev hauv tsev; Cov neeg tau txais kev pab tsis txaus siab rau cov tshuaj ntxuav tes uas tsuas yog muaj peev xwm tu tus txheej txheem, tab sis kuj nrhiav cov yam ntxwv ntxiv xws li kev ua kom tsis muaj menyuam thiab tshuaj tsw qab. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev siv dav dav ntawm kev siv tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws tsis siv neeg tau ua rau cov neeg siv khoom xav tau kev ntxhua khaub ncaws ntau ntau hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke. Cov xwm txheej no tau ua rau muaj kev xav tau sai ntawm cov neeg siv khoom xav tau rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev nrog tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob.
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, ntau yam khoom siv tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob kuj tau nthuav dav, hloov zuj zus los ntawm ib qho -cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau hauv ntau- cov khoom siv tshuaj tua kab mob uas sib xyaw ua kom huv thiab ua kom tsis muaj menyuam. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub peev xwm ntawm daim ntawv thov tau nthuav dav los ntawm textiles ib leeg los ua kom muaj ntau yam khoom siv tu tsev hauv tsev- xws li cov tshuaj ntxuav tais diav, tshuaj ntxuav hauv pem teb thiab saum npoo, thiab cov tshuaj ntxuav tais diav.
Raws li cov kev cai cuam tshuam ntawm tus qauv QB/T 2850-2007, *Antibacterial thiab Bacteriostatic Detergents*, cov khoom hu ua "antibacterial thiab bacteriostatic detergents" nyob rau hauv qhov kev lag luam no yog tsim los siv surfactants ua ke nrog cov kab mob tshwj xeeb lossis bacteriostats; cov no yog txhua hnub- siv tshuaj ntxuav cov khoom uas muaj ob qho tib si tshuaj tua kab mob / bacteriostatic zog thiab ntxuav / stain- tshem tawm cov haujlwm. Kev tsim cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob muaj ntau yam kev sib tw: Ua ntej, xaiv cov kab mob tsim nyog; thib ob, ntsuas kev sib raug zoo thiab kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov kab mob uas tau xaiv thaum ua ke nrog lwm cov tshuaj ntxuav tes; thiab thib peb, txiav txim siab txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws rau kev sib xyaw cov kab mob bactericides rau hauv cov qauv. Daim ntawv no tsom mus rau peb yam no, ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas cov khoom xyaw uas muaj lub luag haujlwm los muab kev ua kom tsis muaj menyuam thiab cov kab mob bacteriostatic hauv cov tshuaj ntxuav tsev hauv tsev-tshwj xeeb tshuaj xyuas lawv cov yam ntxwv sib xws thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev koom ua ke.
1. Hom tshuaj tua kab mob hauv cov tshuaj ntxuav tsev
Raws li lawv cov keeb kwm, cov kab mob bactericides tuaj yeem faib dav rau hauv cov kab mob hluavtaws thiab cov kab mob ntuj. Raws li lawv cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg, lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua halogen-raws li, oxygen-raws li, aldehyde-raws li, phenol-raws li, quaternary ammonium ntsev, guanidine-raws li compounds, tshuaj ntsuab tshuaj ntsuab, thiab lwm yam. Hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm txhua hnub - siv cov tshuaj detergents, lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab mob rau cov kab mob no yog *Staphylococcus aureus*, *Escherichia coli* (E. coli), thiab *Candida albicans*. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas siv hauv cov tshuaj ntxuav tsev yuav tsum ua raws li cov hauv qab no: ① Kev nyab xeeb siab- tsis yog{11}} tshuaj lom rau tib neeg thiab qis qis; ② Kev ua haujlwm siab- siv tau txawm tias ntxiv rau qhov me me; ③ Zoo sib xws nrog surfactants thiab lwm yam tshuaj ntxuav tes; ④ Zoo solubility thiab dispersibility -tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam cov khoom lag luam kev ua tau zoo lossis cov tshuaj tsw qab.
Halogen{0}}raws li tus neeg sawv cev
Halogen-cov kab mob raws li cov kab mob muaj xws li chlorine-muaj, bromine-muaj, thiab iodine-muaj cov tshuaj. Txij li cov ntsiab lus halogen inherently muaj zog oxidizing zog, cov tebchaw uas muaj cov ntsiab lus no feem ntau muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj cov kab mob bactericidal thiab bleaching.
① Chlorine -muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob
chlorine- muaj cov kab mob bactericidal muaj zog bactericidal zog, muaj peev xwm tshem tawm ntau yam kab mob -xws li cov kab mob spores. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo xws li kev muaj dav thiab tus nqi qis; Txawm li cas los xij, lawv qhov kev chim siab thiab rhiab heev rau pH txwv lawv qhov kev thov. Feem ntau chlorine- muaj cov kab mob bactericides siv hauv cov tshuaj ntxuav tsev feem ntau suav nrog sodium hypochlorite thiab sodium dichloroisocyanurate. Industrially tsim sodium hypochlorite feem ntau muaj cov ntsiab lus chlorine nquag ntawm kwv yees li 10% txog 20%; Nws ua raws li tus neeg sawv cev oxidizing muaj zog nrog cov kab mob bactericidal thiab tshuaj dawb, txawm hais tias nws yog corrosive rau hlau thiab nquag decomposition. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev sib raug zoo, sodium hypochlorite tuaj yeem ua rau qee yam dyes thiab ua rau tsis zoo nrog cov tshuaj tsw qab, enzymes, thiab cov tshuaj fluorescent whitening agents; yog li ntawd, nws feem ntau siv nws tus kheej hauv cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab cov khoom siv tshuaj dawb. Sodium dichloroisocyanurate-tseem hu ua Dichlor{11}} yog ib qho dav - spectrum bactericide; thaum nws cov hmoov qhuav qhuav yog ruaj khov thaum lub sij hawm cia, nws cov kua dej ua pov thawj tsis zoo. Sodium dichloroisocyanurate nthuav tawm tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam los yog cuam tshuam los ntawm mutagenic, muaj kev ruaj ntseg profile, thiab yog li tsim nyog siv rau hauv cov tshuaj ntxuav tsev. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm compatibility, tshuaj xws li fatty acid diethanolamides, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers, borax, thiab dej qab zib tshauv ua rau decomposition nyhuv ntawm sodium dichloroisocyanurate; conversely, tshuaj xws li sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate, sodium fatty cawv ether sulfate, fatty cawv polyoxyethylene ethers, sodium sulfate, thiab sodium chloride txhim khu kev ruaj ntseg ntawm sodium dichloroisocyanurate.
② Bromine -raws li Bactericides
Ntau hom bromine- raws li cov kab mob bactericides feem ntau suav nrog bromochlorodimethylhydantoin thiab dibromodimethylhydantoin; Cov neeg sawv cev no yog ib puag ncig zoo tom qab siv. Piv rau cov tshuaj chlorine-raws li cov kab mob bactericides, bromine- cov neeg ua haujlwm raws li cov tshuaj tua kab mob zoo tshaj plaws hauv alkaline ib puag ncig thiab degrade sai dua. Txawm li cas los xij, vim lawv cov nqi siab dua, bromine- cov kab mob raws li cov kab mob feem ntau yog siv rau kev tua kab mob hauv tsev kho mob thiab kis kab mob- thaj chaw raug mob, thaum lawv daim ntawv thov hauv cov tshuaj ntxuav tsev neeg tseem muaj tsawg.
③ Iodine -raws li Bactericides
Iodine-cov kab mob raws li cov kab mob-xws li cov tshuaj iodine thiab iodophors- tau dav siv hauv kev kho mob thiab pej xeem kev noj qab haus huv; nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, lawv kuj tau pom daim ntawv thov hauv kev lag luam tshuaj ntxuav tes. Elemental iodine muaj cov permeability zoo heev, ua rau nws nkag mus rau phab ntsa ntawm tes sai thiab ua rau cov denaturation thiab inactivation ntawm cov proteins. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias los ntawm kev tsim ib qho kev sib xyaw ntawm 0.5% iodine nrog kaum ob qhov sib txawv surfactants-xws li sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate (AES)-qhov tshwm sim iodine-raws li tshuaj tua kab mob ua kom tiav cov kab mob siab heev.
Peroxides
Raws li kev sib cais hauv dej, peroxide- cov kab mob raws li cov kab mob sib cais los tsim cov dawb radicals uas muaj peev xwm redox siab. Cov radicals tom qab ntawd cuam tshuam cov permeability barriers ntawm microorganisms -los yog tua lawv cov proteins, DNA, thiab lwm yam cellular Cheebtsam- thaum kawg ua rau microbial tuag.
① Liquid Peroxides
Thawj cov kua peroxides siv hauv cov ntsiab lus no yog hydrogen peroxide thiab peracetic acid. Cov tshuaj no yog corrosive heev nyob rau hauv cov xwm thiab exert ib tug bleaching nyhuv ntawm fabrics. Tam sim no, hydrogen peroxide feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov xim - tshuaj dawb huv. Txawm hais tias qee qhov kev tshawb fawb tau tshawb nrhiav nws daim ntawv thov hauv cov tshuaj ntxuav tais diav, nws kev koom ua ke rau hauv cov qauv no nthuav tawm ntau yam kev sib tw, vim tias nws cov decomposition tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov khoom xws li hnyav hlau, alkaline ib puag ncig, thiab raug lub teeb.
② Khoom Peroxides
Cov khoom peroxides-tshwj xeeb yog sodium perborate thiab sodium percarbonate- feem ntau yog ua haujlwm hauv cov hmoov tshuaj detergent formulations. Qhov tseem ceeb, ob qho tib si sodium perborate thiab sodium percarbonate yuav tsum tau ntsuas kub kom tso pa tawm; Yog li ntawd, lawv tsis siv lawv cov kab mob bactericidal kom txog thaum qhov kub siab tshaj 40 degree. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov tebchaw xws li sodium percarbonate yog qhov tsis zoo. Raws li cov yam ntxwv no, chav kawm ntawm biocides no feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov qauv siv rau lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws ntxhua khaub ncaws, cov dej qhib, thiab cov khoom zoo sib xws.
③ Stabilized Chlorine Dioxide
Chlorine dioxide raug cais los ntawm Lub Koom Haum Ntiaj Teb Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv raws li Chav Kawm A1 muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab nyab xeeb biocide. Nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, nws tshwm sim raws li yellowish - cov pa roj ntsuab uas muaj tshuaj lom neeg muaj zog, thiab nws cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog tsib npaug ntau dua li cov tshuaj chlorine.
Guanidine Derivatives
Guanidine-raws li biocides yog dav categorized rau hauv biguanides thiab monoguanides. Cov qeb biguanide suav nrog chlorhexidine thiab nws cov derivatives, polyhexamethylene biguanide ntsev, thiab polyaminopropyl biguanide, thiab lwm yam. Cov pawg monoguanide muaj feem ntau ntawm polyhexamethylene monoguanide, muaj nyob rau hauv ntau hom ntsev xws li hydrochloride, stearate, thiab propionate. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias daim ntawv hydrochloride nthuav tawm cov kab mob bactericidal zoo dua piv rau lwm cov ntawv ntsev.
Chlorhexidine (tseem hu ua Hibitane) feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv ob hom: acetate thiab gluconate. Nws muaj qhov dav -spectrum bacteriostatic zog; Nyob rau hauv siab concentrations, nws qhia tau hais tias ob qho tib si bactericidal thiab bacteriostatic teebmeem, whereas ntawm tsawg concentrations, nws qhov kev txiav txim yog feem ntau bacteriostatic. Txawm li cas los xij, chlorhexidine tsis zoo tiv thaiv kab mob spores thiab fungi. Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg niaj hnub, nws feem ntau yog siv los ua cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv tes, tshuaj txhuam hniav, thiab cov khoom tu tawv nqaij.
Polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride yog cais raws li cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg tsawg -; nws tsis yog-corrosive rau cov hlau thiab tsis ua rau cov tshuaj bleaching ntawm cov ntaub. Cov chav kawm ntawm biocides no nthuav tawm cov dej solubility zoo heev thiab thermal stability; Lawv tsim cov npuas dej tsawg, yooj yim los ntxuav, thiab tsis hnov tsw rau pH hloov pauv. Piv rau cov tshuaj chlorine-raws li lossis peroxide-raws li biocides, polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) biocides muaj qis toxicity thiab irritant, ua rau lawv muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev siv; yog li ntawd, lawv tau dav siv rau hauv cov tshuaj ntxuav tsev. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias daim ntawv thov ntawm PHMG biocides rau lub sij hawm sib cuag tsuas yog 5 mus rau 10 feeb yog txaus los txo tag nrho cov kab mob suav thiab coliform qib ntawm cov khoom siv hauv rooj noj mov mus rau theem ua raws li cov qauv kev nyiam huv hauv tebchaws. Cov tuam txhab tshuaj ntxuav tes tseem ceeb tom qab tau tshaj tawm ntau yam khoom siv tu tsev uas muaj PHMG ua cov khoom siv biocide. Hais txog kev sib raug zoo, txij li guanidine-raws li biocides yog cationic agents, lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob siv nrog xab npum, anionic surfactants, thiab cov tshuaj zoo sib xws; Tsis tas li ntawd, qee yam tsis yog -ionic surfactants kuj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lawv cov txiaj ntsig biocidal. Tsis tas li ntawd, PHMG siv los ua ib qho khoom muaj nyob rau hauv ib qho kev tsim yog cais raws li qhov tsawg-kev ua tau zoo biocide; Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov uas yuav tsum tau siab - siv los yog ntev tshuaj tua kab mob, nws yuav tsum tau siv synergistically nrog rau lwm yam biocidal agents.
Quaternary Ammonium ntsev
Quaternary ammonium ntsev yog ib chav kawm ntawm cationic surfactants. Ntawm lawv, alkyl-raws li quaternary ammonium ntsev- tshwj xeeb categorized rau hauv ib qho - saw thiab ob npaug - saw variants- yog cov feem ntau siv los ua biocides. Txog niaj hnub no, chav kawm no tau hloov zuj zus los ntawm xya tiam ntawm cov khoom. Thawj thiab thib ob tiam yog typified los ntawm benzalkonium chloride thiab benzalkonium bromide, thaum lub sij hawm lub xya tiam muaj cov mixs uas muaj polymeric quaternary ammonium ntsev ua ke nrog alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride thiab alkyl dimethyl ethyl benzyl ammonium chloride. Txawm hais tias quaternary ammonium ntsev tsis muaj txiaj ntsig tiv thaiv cov kab mob, * Mycobacterium tuberculosis *, thiab cov kab mob spores, lawv muaj cov khoom muaj zog bacteriostatic, muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kab mob loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob txawm tias tsis tshua muaj siab.
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm compatibility, tag nrho cov quaternary ammonium biocides ua hauj lwm raws li cationic surfactants. Thaum ob -chain quaternary ammonium ntsev qhia tau hais tias muaj qee qhov kev tiv thaiv rau cov teebmeem ntawm anionic surfactants thiab cov dej tawv, lawv cov co-kev tsim los yog kev siv ib txhij nrog anionic surfactants tseem yuav tsum tau zam. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj xws li iodine, potassium iodide, salicylic acid, thiab peroxides pom cov teebmeem antagonistic thaum ua ke nrog quaternary ammonium tshuaj tua kab mob; Yog li ntawd, kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj no yuav tsum raug zam thaum siv. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, kev siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob quaternary ammonium hauv cov tshuaj ntxuav tsev neeg tau dhau los ua ntau dua.
Lwm cov tshuaj tua kab mob hluavtaws
Cov tshuaj tua kab mob hluavtaws kuj suav nrog pawg xws li aldehydes thiab phenols. Ntawm cov aldehyde- cov tshuaj tua kab mob raws li cov tshuaj tua kab mob, formaldehyde ua rau khaus khaus, ua rau qeeb, thiab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo carcinogenic. Hais txog phenol-raws li cov tshuaj tua kab mob, tej zaum yuav muaj kev phom sij cuam tshuam nrog cov neeg siv uas nquag siv- xws li triclosan thiab triclocarban- tau raug nthuav tawm tas li; muab cov kev txhawj xeeb txog kev nyab xeeb no, lawv cov kev suav nrog hauv cov khoom tsim yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo xav thiab ua tib zoo xav.
Cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntuj
Raws li lawv lub hauv paus chiv keeb, cov tshuaj tua kab mob tuaj yeem faib dav dav rau hauv cov nroj tsuag - muab tau los, tsiaj- muab tau los, thiab cov kab mob kab mob - tau los ntawm pawg. Vim lawv cov toxicity tsawg thiab tsawg heev irritant, tej yam ntuj tso tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsum tau yooj yim txais los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom, ua rau muaj kev nce rau hauv kev tshawb fawb txaus siab nyob rau hauv daim teb no. Cov kev tshawb fawb tam sim no tsom ntsoov rau cov nroj tsuag- tau txais cov tshuaj tua kab mob, txawm hais tias qee qhov kev tshawb fawb kuj tau tshawb fawb txog kev koom ua ke ntawm tsiaj- lossis kab mob- muab tshuaj tua kab mob rau hauv cov tshuaj ntxuav tsev.
① Cog -Cov tshuaj tua kab mob tau los
Cov nroj tsuag- muab tshuaj tua kab mob yog txhais tau tias yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas tsim los ntawm kev rho tawm cov khoom- muaj cov kab mob bactericidal lossis bacteriostatic ua haujlwm- los ntawm ntau yam nroj tsuag, xws li cov hauv paus hniav, stems, nplooj, thiab paj, siv los tiv thaiv kab mob kab mob. Cov khoom tseem ceeb uas muaj nyob hauv cov nroj tsuag - muab tshuaj tua kab mob muaj xws li alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, terpenes, tannins, roj yam tseem ceeb, terpenoids, saponins, coumarins, lignans, stilbenes, polysaccharides, phenols, esters, quinones, organic acids. Thaum koom nrog cov nroj tsuag- muab cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau hauv cov tshuaj ntxuav tais diav, ob qho kev sib tw tseem ceeb tshwm sim: ua ntej, txiav txim siab qhov zoo tshaj plaws; thiab thib ob, tswj cov xim tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj ntxuav tes. Txawm hais tias cov nroj tsuag - muab cov tshuaj tua kab mob feem ntau muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsawg thiab ua rau cov nqi tsim khoom ntau dua, lawv qhov profile tsis tshua muaj kev kub nyhiab tau ua rau lawv cov ntawv thov dav dav hauv cov khoom siv tshuaj ntxuav tsev.
② Tsiaj txhu -Drived Biocides
Cov tshuaj rho tawm los ntawm cov tsiaj-xws li lysozyme, antimicrobial peptides, thiab antimicrobial proteins-txhua yam muaj ntau yam sib txawv ntawm kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob. Tam sim no, chitosan yog cov tsiaj siv dav tshaj plaws - muab tau los ntawm cov tshuaj ntxuav tes; Txawm li cas los xij, nws daim ntawv thov hauv cov tshuaj detergents yog qhov cuam tshuam loj heev los ntawm nws qhov tsis zoo solubility hauv dej thiab feem ntau cov kuab tshuaj organic, nrog rau nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob me me. Txhawm rau daws cov kev txwv no, kev tshawb fawb tau tsom mus rau kev txhim kho chitosan lub peev xwm ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob los ntawm kev hloov kho tshuaj los tsim cov chitosan derivatives, los yog los ntawm kev koom nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob muaj zog rau hauv chitosan matrix.
③ Microbe-Drived Biocides
Microbe- muab tau biocides tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob hom: thawj koom nrog kev siv cov kab mob ncaj qha -xws li cov kab mob bacteriophages, kab mob, kab mob, thiab fungi- kom ua tiav cov tshuaj tua kab mob; Qhov thib ob siv cov metabolic byproducts ntawm microorganisms rau antimicrobial lub hom phiaj. Txog niaj hnub no, kev tshawb fawb txog kev siv cov chav kawm tshwj xeeb ntawm biocides hauv cov tshuaj detergent kuj tseem txwv.
Kev xaiv thiab kev koom ua ke ntawm Biocides hauv Cov Khoom Siv Hauv Tsev
Kev tsim qauv ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob tua kab mob yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo xav txog cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov chaw lossis cov khoom raug ntxuav. Qhov no suav nrog xaiv cov biocides tsim nyog thiab surfactants, nrog rau kev ntsuas qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ntau yam khoom hauv qhov sib xyaw. Siv cov tshuaj ntxuav hauv pem teb thiab rooj tog zaum ua piv txwv: chlorine-raws li biocides feem ntau zam vim lawv ua rau cov ntoo tsis zoo; cationic quaternary ammonium ntsev yog qhov me me thiab muaj cov tshuaj toxicity tsawg, txawm hais tias lawv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog qhov sib piv tsis muaj zog; polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB), hloov pauv, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau ob qho tib si Gram-zoo thiab Gram- cov kab mob tsis zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tsis yog - tshuaj lom, tsis yog - khaus, thiab muaj txiaj ntsig tiv thaiv kab mob thiab pwm- xws li * Candida albicans *. Vim nws cov qauv polymeric molecular, PHMB adsorbs rau hauv pem teb thiab rooj tog zaum tom qab siv dua, yog li muab cov nyhuv antimicrobial ruaj khov. Raws li cov kev txiav txim siab zoo no, cov qauv xaiv tau siv cov txheej txheem sib xyaw biocide suav nrog 20% polyhexamethylene biguanide quaternary ammonium ntsev, 45% dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, thiab dialkyl quaternary ammonium ntsev rau siv hauv pem teb thiab rooj tog zaum. Muab kev xaiv ntawm cationic biocides, kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau siv thaum xaiv cov surfactants yuav tsum sib xyaw nrog lawv kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev sib raug zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo. Thaum kawg, cov qauv tsim siv fatty cawv polyoxyethylene ethers, dodecyl dimethyl betaine, branched -chain fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, alkyl glucosides, thiab amine oxides ua cov khoom tseem ceeb surfactant. Tshwj xeeb, fatty cawv polyoxyethylene ethers txo qhov nro ntawm qhov chaw, yog li pab txhawb kev tsiv teb tsaws ntawm biocides rau cov kab mob ntawm tes thiab lawv cov kev nkag mus rau hauv lub cell sab hauv, yog li txhim kho lawv cov kab mob bactericidal. Dodecyl dimethyl betaine thiab amine oxides muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov kab mob bactericidal thiab nthuav tawm cov nyhuv synergistic hais txog kev ua kom huv. Alkyl glucosides yog qhov mob me me thiab muaj peev xwm kis tau zoo, txo qhov kev xav tsis zoo ntawm sab laug ntawm cov plag tsev thiab rooj tog.
Hais txog cov txheej txheem ntawm biocide incorporation, feem ntau biocides yog ntxiv ncaj qha rau cov tshuaj detergent formulations raws li raw cov ntaub ntawv thaum lub sij hawm compounding txheej txheem. Txawm hais tias txoj hauv kev no yooj yim thiab yooj yim rau kev ua, nws muab cov txiaj ntsig tshuaj tua kab mob los yog cov kab mob bacteriostatic rau cov khoom ntxuav tsuas yog thaum lub sij hawm ntxuav tiag tiag; nws muaj kev txwv khaws cia ntawm cov txiaj ntsig no thaum ua tiav cov txheej txheem ntxuav. Qhov kev txwv no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov khoom xws li cov ntxhua khaub ncaws ntxhua khaub ncaws, uas yuav tsum tau muab yaug nrog dej ntau thaum lub sij hawm zaum kawg ntawm lub voj voog ntxuav, ua kom muaj kev saib xyuas zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob los yog cov kab mob bacteriostatic txawm tias nyuaj dua. Yog li ntawd, qee qhov kev tshawb fawb tau tsom mus rau kev tsim lwm txoj hauv kev koom ua ke-xws li kev siv microencapsulation- kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo - tso tawm cov khoom rau cov neeg muaj txiaj ntsig zoo no.
